X-ray therapy - translation to arabic
Diclib.com
Online Dictionary
Dictionary Lookup Custom Solutions
  1. Dictionaries
  2. English-Arabic dictionary
  3. X-ray therapy

X-ray therapy - translation to arabic

THERAPY USING IONIZING RADIATION
Radiotherapy; 3-dimensional conformal radiation therapy; 3-dimensional radiation therapy; X-Ray treatment; Radiation treatment; Radiotherapeutic; Therapeutic radiation; Radiation oncology; X Ray Treatment; X-Ray Treatment; Intensity modulated radiation therapy; IMRT; Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy; X-ray therapy; Roentgenotherapy; Roentgen therapy; Radioisotope therapy; Actinotherapy; Cobalt-beam therapy; Radiation Therapy; Radiation Oncology; Skin-sparing effect; Radiation (medicine); Radio therapy; Radio oncology; Radiation medicine; Medical radiation; Medical radiation therapy; Irradiation therapy; Primatom; Ultraviolet irradiation therapy; Side effects of radiation therapy; Intensity-modulated radiotherapy; Hyperfractionated radiation therapy; Contact X-ray brachytherapy (Papillon); Contact x-ray brachytherapy; Fraction (radiation therapy); Computer-assisted radiotherapy; Radiotherapy dosage
  • A SAVI brachytherapy device
  • The beam's eye view of the radiotherapy portal on the hand's surface with the lead shield cut-out placed in the machine's gantry
  • Histopathology of radiation cystitis, including atypical stromal cells ("radiation fibroblasts")
  • Radiation therapy for a patient with a [[diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma]], with radiation dose color-coded
  • 7=<!--G-->a cylinder of radioactive source material, often but not always [[cobalt-60]]. The diameter of the "source" is 30&nbsp;mm. }}
  • Varian]] TrueBeam [[Linear Accelerator]], used for delivering IMRT
  • X-ray treatment of [[tuberculosis]] in 1910. Before the 1920s, the hazards of radiation were not understood, and it was used to treat a wide range of diseases.

x ray crystallography         
  • Model of the arrangement of water molecules in ice, revealing the [[hydrogen bond]]s (1) that hold the solid together.
  • The incoming beam (coming from upper left) causes each scatterer to re-radiate a small portion of its intensity as a spherical wave. If scatterers are arranged symmetrically with a separation ''d'', these spherical waves will be in sync (add constructively) only in directions where their path-length difference 2''d'' sin θ equals an integer multiple of the [[wavelength]] λ. In that case, part of the incoming beam is deflected by an angle 2θ, producing a ''reflection'' spot in the [[diffraction pattern]].
  • Three methods of preparing crystals, A: Hanging drop. B: Sitting drop. C: Microdialysis
  • tetrahedrally]] and held together by single [[covalent bond]]s, making it strong in all directions. By contrast, graphite is composed of stacked sheets. Within the sheet, the bonding is covalent and has hexagonal symmetry, but there are no covalent bonds between the sheets, making graphite easy to cleave into flakes.
  • access-date=2018-11-28}}</ref> The electron density is obtained from experimental data, and the ligand is modeled into this electron density.
  • Structure of a protein alpha helix, with stick-figures for the covalent bonding within electron density for the crystal structure at ultra-high-resolution (0.91&nbsp;Å). The density contours are in gray, the helix backbone in white, sidechains in cyan, O atoms in red, N atoms in blue, and hydrogen bonds as green dotted lines.<ref>From PDB file 2NRL, residues 17–32.</ref>
  • Animation showing the five motions possible with a four-circle kappa goniometer. The rotations about each of the four angles φ, κ, ω and 2θ leave the crystal within the X-ray beam, but change the crystal orientation. The detector (red box) can be slid closer or further away from the crystal, allowing higher resolution data to be taken (if closer) or better discernment of the Bragg peaks (if further away).
  • backbone]] from its N-terminus to its C-terminus.
  • Rocknest]]", October 17, 2012).<ref name="NASA-20121030" />
  • A protein crystal seen under a [[microscope]]. Crystals used in X-ray crystallography may be smaller than a millimeter across.
  • An X-ray diffraction pattern of a crystallized enzyme. The pattern of spots (''reflections'') and the relative strength of each spot (''intensities'') can be used to determine the structure of the enzyme.
  • Workflow for solving the structure of a molecule by X-ray crystallography.
TECHNIQUE USED FOR DETERMINING THE ATOMIC OR MOLECULAR STRUCTURE OF A CRYSTAL, IN WHICH THE ORDERED ATOMS CAUSE A BEAM OF INCIDENT X-RAYS TO DIFFRACT INTO SPECIFIC DIRECTIONS
X-ray structure; X-Ray Crystallography; X-Ray Diffraction Pattern; X ray diffraction; X-ray diffraction analysis; Crystallography, x-ray; Protein Crystallography; Protein crystallography; Xray crystallography; Xray Crystallography; X-ray Crystallography; X-ray crystalography; Crystallographic resolution; Laue diffraction; X-ray diffraction; History of X-ray crystallography; X ray crystallography; X-ray single-crystal analysis; X-ray crystal structure; Single-crystal X-ray crystallography; X-ray crystallographer; Laue method; X-ray diffraction crystallography; Single-crystal X-ray diffraction; X-ray structural analysis
‎ مَبْحَثُ تَصْويرِ البِلَّوراتِ بالأَشِعَّةِ السِّينِيَّة‎
x-ray diffraction         
  • Spectrum of various inelastic scattering processes that can be probed with inelastic X-ray scattering (IXS).
FAMILY OF NON-DESTRUCTIVE ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES
X-ray scattering; X-Ray Diffraction; Resonant anomalous X-ray scattering; X-ray diffuse scattering; X-Ray diffraction; X-ray Diffraction; Inelastic X-ray scattering
انْعِراجُ الأشِعَّةِ السينِيَّة
x ray diffraction         
  • Model of the arrangement of water molecules in ice, revealing the [[hydrogen bond]]s (1) that hold the solid together.
  • The incoming beam (coming from upper left) causes each scatterer to re-radiate a small portion of its intensity as a spherical wave. If scatterers are arranged symmetrically with a separation ''d'', these spherical waves will be in sync (add constructively) only in directions where their path-length difference 2''d'' sin θ equals an integer multiple of the [[wavelength]] λ. In that case, part of the incoming beam is deflected by an angle 2θ, producing a ''reflection'' spot in the [[diffraction pattern]].
  • Three methods of preparing crystals, A: Hanging drop. B: Sitting drop. C: Microdialysis
  • tetrahedrally]] and held together by single [[covalent bond]]s, making it strong in all directions. By contrast, graphite is composed of stacked sheets. Within the sheet, the bonding is covalent and has hexagonal symmetry, but there are no covalent bonds between the sheets, making graphite easy to cleave into flakes.
  • access-date=2018-11-28}}</ref> The electron density is obtained from experimental data, and the ligand is modeled into this electron density.
  • Structure of a protein alpha helix, with stick-figures for the covalent bonding within electron density for the crystal structure at ultra-high-resolution (0.91&nbsp;Å). The density contours are in gray, the helix backbone in white, sidechains in cyan, O atoms in red, N atoms in blue, and hydrogen bonds as green dotted lines.<ref>From PDB file 2NRL, residues 17–32.</ref>
  • Animation showing the five motions possible with a four-circle kappa goniometer. The rotations about each of the four angles φ, κ, ω and 2θ leave the crystal within the X-ray beam, but change the crystal orientation. The detector (red box) can be slid closer or further away from the crystal, allowing higher resolution data to be taken (if closer) or better discernment of the Bragg peaks (if further away).
  • backbone]] from its N-terminus to its C-terminus.
  • Rocknest]]", October 17, 2012).<ref name="NASA-20121030" />
  • A protein crystal seen under a [[microscope]]. Crystals used in X-ray crystallography may be smaller than a millimeter across.
  • An X-ray diffraction pattern of a crystallized enzyme. The pattern of spots (''reflections'') and the relative strength of each spot (''intensities'') can be used to determine the structure of the enzyme.
  • Workflow for solving the structure of a molecule by X-ray crystallography.
TECHNIQUE USED FOR DETERMINING THE ATOMIC OR MOLECULAR STRUCTURE OF A CRYSTAL, IN WHICH THE ORDERED ATOMS CAUSE A BEAM OF INCIDENT X-RAYS TO DIFFRACT INTO SPECIFIC DIRECTIONS
X-ray structure; X-Ray Crystallography; X-Ray Diffraction Pattern; X ray diffraction; X-ray diffraction analysis; Crystallography, x-ray; Protein Crystallography; Protein crystallography; Xray crystallography; Xray Crystallography; X-ray Crystallography; X-ray crystalography; Crystallographic resolution; Laue diffraction; X-ray diffraction; History of X-ray crystallography; X ray crystallography; X-ray single-crystal analysis; X-ray crystal structure; Single-crystal X-ray crystallography; X-ray crystallographer; Laue method; X-ray diffraction crystallography; Single-crystal X-ray diffraction; X-ray structural analysis
‎ انْعِراجُ الأشِعَّةِ السينِيَّة‎

Definition

X-ray crystallography
¦ noun the study of crystals and their structure by means of the diffraction of X-rays by the regularly spaced atoms of crystalline materials.
Show more definitions

Wikipedia

Radiation therapy

Radiation therapy or radiotherapy, often abbreviated RT, RTx, or XRT, is a therapy using ionizing radiation, generally provided as part of cancer treatment to control or kill malignant cells and normally delivered by a linear accelerator. Radiation therapy may be curative in a number of types of cancer if they are localized to one area of the body. It may also be used as part of adjuvant therapy, to prevent tumor recurrence after surgery to remove a primary malignant tumor (for example, early stages of breast cancer). Radiation therapy is synergistic with chemotherapy, and has been used before, during, and after chemotherapy in susceptible cancers. The subspecialty of oncology concerned with radiotherapy is called radiation oncology. A physician who practices in this subspecialty is a radiation oncologist.

Radiation therapy is commonly applied to the cancerous tumor because of its ability to control cell growth. Ionizing radiation works by damaging the DNA of cancerous tissue leading to cellular death. To spare normal tissues (such as skin or organs which radiation must pass through to treat the tumor), shaped radiation beams are aimed from several angles of exposure to intersect at the tumor, providing a much larger absorbed dose there than in the surrounding healthy tissue. Besides the tumour itself, the radiation fields may also include the draining lymph nodes if they are clinically or radiologically involved with the tumor, or if there is thought to be a risk of subclinical malignant spread. It is necessary to include a margin of normal tissue around the tumor to allow for uncertainties in daily set-up and internal tumor motion. These uncertainties can be caused by internal movement (for example, respiration and bladder filling) and movement of external skin marks relative to the tumor position.

Radiation oncology is the medical specialty concerned with prescribing radiation, and is distinct from radiology, the use of radiation in medical imaging and diagnosis. Radiation may be prescribed by a radiation oncologist with intent to cure ("curative") or for adjuvant therapy. It may also be used as palliative treatment (where cure is not possible and the aim is for local disease control or symptomatic relief) or as therapeutic treatment (where the therapy has survival benefit and can be curative). It is also common to combine radiation therapy with surgery, chemotherapy, hormone therapy, immunotherapy or some mixture of the four. Most common cancer types can be treated with radiation therapy in some way.

The precise treatment intent (curative, adjuvant, neoadjuvant therapeutic, or palliative) will depend on the tumor type, location, and stage, as well as the general health of the patient. Total body irradiation (TBI) is a radiation therapy technique used to prepare the body to receive a bone marrow transplant. Brachytherapy, in which a radioactive source is placed inside or next to the area requiring treatment, is another form of radiation therapy that minimizes exposure to healthy tissue during procedures to treat cancers of the breast, prostate and other organs. Radiation therapy has several applications in non-malignant conditions, such as the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia, acoustic neuromas, severe thyroid eye disease, pterygium, pigmented villonodular synovitis, and prevention of keloid scar growth, vascular restenosis, and heterotopic ossification. The use of radiation therapy in non-malignant conditions is limited partly by worries about the risk of radiation-induced cancers.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiation therapy
Dictionary Lookup
All dictionaries Arabic dictionary Dutch dictionary English dictionary English-Arabic dictionary English-Dutch dictionary English-French dictionary English-German dictionary English-Greek dictionary English-Italian dictionary English-Russian dictionary English-Spanish dictionary French dictionary French-Russian Dictionary German dictionary Greek dictionary Italian dictionary Italian-Russian Dictionary Latin-Portuguese dictionary Latin-Spanish dictionary Portuguese dictionary Portuguese-Russian Dictionary Russian dictionary Spanish dictionary
Interface language
Русский English Español Português Deutsch Français Ελληνικά Nederlands Italiano عربي
Contacts
Contact Us



Privacy
Privacy Policy